Exim - настройка вторичного mail exchanger

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Переносил вторичный mail exchanger (MX) на новый сервер. Решил выложить инфу и конфиги - еще пригодится...

Исходные данные:

  • Hostname: mx2.kyivlink.com
  • IP: 195.12.59.26
  • Domain: kyivlink.com

Проверяем, куда указывают записи mail exchanger домена kyivlink.com (сервер мультидоменный, но тестировать будем на этом домене):

# host -t mx kyivlink.com
kyivlink.com mail is handled by 10 mail.kyivlink.com.
kyivlink.com mail is handled by 20 mx2.kyivlink.com.

Важно! Необходимо, чтобы "прямая" и "обратная" запись в DNS совпадали. Тоесть в нашем случае, необходимо чтобы запись mx2.kyivlink.com "резолвилась" в IP-адрес 195.12.59.26, а PTR-запись для IP 195.12.59.26 была установлена в mx2.kyivlink.com.

Проверим, выполняются ли эти условия:

# host mx2.kyivlink.com.
mx2.kyivlink.com has address 195.12.59.26

# host 195.12.59.26
26.59.12.195.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer mx2.kyivlink.com.

В DNS-записях все в порядке. Приступим непосредственно к настройке Exim.

Внесем в /etc/make.conf следующий блок:

PORTSDIR?= /usr/ports
# EXIM
.if ${.CURDIR} == ${PORTSDIR}/mail/exim
LOG_FILE_PATH?= syslog
WITH_DEFAULT_CHARSET?= koi8-r
.endif

Виполним установку Exim из системы портов:

# cd /usr/ports/mail/exim && make install clean && rehash

При сборке указываем необходимость сборки с поддержкой MySQL:

[x] MYSQL              Enable mysql lookups
[x] SPF                Enable Sender Policy Framework checking

По завершению установки выводится список рекомендуемых действий:

To use Exim instead of sendmail on startup:

*) Clear the sendmail queue and stop the sendmail daemon.
*) Adjust mailer.conf(5) as appropriate.
*) Set the 'sendmail_enable' rc.conf(5) variable to 'NONE'.
*) Set the 'daily_status_include_submit_mailq' and
   'daily_clean_hoststat_enable' periodic.conf(5)
   variables to 'NO'.
*) Consider setting 'daily_queuerun_enable' and
   'daily_submit_queuerun' to "NO" in periodic.conf(5),
   if you intend to manage queue runners / deliveries closely.
*) Set the 'exim_enable' rc.conf(5) variable to 'YES'.
*) Start exim with '/usr/local/etc/rc.d/exim start'.

You may also want to configure newsyslog(8) to rotate Exim log files:

/var/log/exim/mainlog   mailnull:mail 640 7 * @T00 ZN
/var/log/exim/rejectlog mailnull:mail 640 7 * @T00 ZN

Относительно настройки ротации логов (в конце рекомендаций) - можно пропустить этот пункт, поскольку в опциях сборки указывали, что логировние будет выполняться с помощью syslog, тоесть логирование будет выполняться в maillog, настройка ротации которого уже выполнена.

А вот остальные рекомендации стоит выполнить.

Останавливаем sendmail и отключаем его поддержку в rc.conf:

# sh /etc/rc.d/sendmail forcestop
# echo '# Disable Sendmail' >> /etc/rc.conf
# echo 'sendmail_enable="NONE"' >> /etc/rc.conf

Файл /etc/mail/mailer.conf приводим к следующему состоянию:

sendmail        /usr/local/sbin/exim
send-mail       /usr/local/sbin/exim
mailq           /usr/local/sbin/exim -bp
newaliases      /usr/local/sbin/exim -bi
hoststat        /usr/local/sbin/exim
purgestat       /usr/local/sbin/exim

Настраиваем periodic.conf:

# echo 'daily_status_include_submit_mailq="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf
# echo 'daily_clean_hoststat_enable="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf
# echo 'daily_queuerun_enable="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf
# echo 'daily_submit_queuerun="NO"' >> /etc/periodic.conf

Остается только добавить поддержку Exim в rc.conf и запустить Exim. Однако, предварительно необходимо его настроить.

Отталкиваемся от того, что MySQL и Clamav установлены, настроены и работают.

Отредактируем /usr/local/etc/exim/configure до следующего содержания:

######################################################################
#                  Runtime configuration file for Exim               #
######################################################################
######################################################################
#                    MAIN CONFIGURATION SETTINGS                     #
######################################################################

GREYLIST_ENABLED_GREY          = yes
GREYLIST_INITIAL_DELAY         = 15 MINUTE
GREYLIST_INITIAL_LIFETIME      = 4 HOUR
GREYLIST_WHITE_LIFETIME        = 12 DAY
GREYLIST_BOUNCE_LIFETIME       = 7 DAY
GREYLIST_RECORD_LIFETIME       = 30 DAY
GREYLIST_TABLE                 = greylist

.ifdef GREYLIST_ENABLED_GREY
   GREYLIST_TEST = SELECT CASE \
   WHEN now() > block_expires THEN "accepted" \
   ELSE "deferred" \
   END AS result, id \
   FROM GREYLIST_TABLE \
   WHERE (now() < record_expires) \
   AND (sender_type = ${if def:sender_address_domain{'NORMAL'}{'BOUNCE'} }) \
   AND (sender = '${quote_mysql:${if def:sender_address_domain{$sender_address_domain}{${domain:$h_from:}} }}') \
   AND (recipient = '${quote_mysql:${if def:domain{$domain}{${domain:$h_to:}} }}') \
   AND (relay_ip = '${quote_mysql:${mask:$sender_host_address/32}}') \
   ORDER BY result DESC LIMIT 1

GREYLIST_ADD = REPLACE INTO GREYLIST_TABLE \
   (relay_ip, sender_type, sender, recipient, block_expires, \
   record_expires, create_time, type) \
   VALUES ( '${quote_mysql:${mask:$sender_host_address/32}}', \
   ${if def:sender_address_domain{'NORMAL'}{'BOUNCE'}}, \
   '${quote_mysql:${if def:sender_address_domain{$sender_address_domain}{${domain:$h_from:}} }}', \
   '${quote_mysql:${if def:domain{$domain}{${domain:$h_to:}} }}', \
   DATE_ADD(now(), INTERVAL GREYLIST_INITIAL_DELAY), \
   DATE_ADD(now(), INTERVAL GREYLIST_INITIAL_LIFETIME), \
   now(), \
   'AUTO' \
    )

   GREYLIST_DEFER_HIT = UPDATE GREYLIST_TABLE \
   SET blockcount=blockcount+1, last_block=now() \
   WHERE id = $acl_m9

   GREYLIST_OK_COUNT = UPDATE GREYLIST_TABLE \
   SET passcount=passcount+1, last_pass=now() \
   WHERE id = $acl_m9

   GREYLIST_OK_NEWTIME = UPDATE GREYLIST_TABLE \
   SET record_expires = DATE_ADD(now(), INTERVAL GREYLIST_WHITE_LIFETIME) \
   WHERE id = $acl_m9 AND type='AUTO'

   GREYLIST_OK_BOUNCE = UPDATE GREYLIST_TABLE \
   SET record_expires = DATE_ADD(now(), INTERVAL GREYLIST_BOUNCE_LIFETIME) \
   WHERE id = $acl_m9 AND type='AUTO'
   GREYLIST_CLEAN = DELETE FROM GREYLIST_TABLE \
   WHERE (DATE_ADD(record_expires, INTERVAL GREYLIST_RECORD_LIFETIME) < now()) AND (type='AUTO')
.endif

primary_hostname = mx2.kyivlink.com

domainlist local_domains = ${lookup mysql{SELECT domain FROM domains \
                        WHERE domain='${domain}' AND \
                        (type='LOCAL' OR type='VIRTUAL')}}

domainlist relay_to_domains = ${lookup mysql{SELECT domain FROM domains \
                        WHERE domain='${domain}' AND type='RELAY'}}

hostlist spamers = ${lookup mysql{SELECT senders FROM blacklist_host WHERE senders='${sender_host_address}'}}

hostlist relay_from_hosts = localhost

auth_advertise_hosts = *
daemon_smtp_ports = 25
log_selector = \
        +all_parents \
        +lost_incoming_connection \
        +received_sender \
        +received_recipients \
        +smtp_confirmation \
        +smtp_syntax_error \
        +smtp_protocol_error \
        -queue_run

acl_smtp_rcpt = acl_check_rcpt
acl_smtp_data = acl_check_data
av_scanner = clamd:/var/run/clamav/clamd.sock
qualify_domain = mx2.kyivlink.com
local_interfaces = 195.12.59.26

allow_domain_literals = false

exim_user = mailnull
exim_group = mail
never_users = root

host_lookup = *
rfc1413_hosts = *
rfc1413_query_timeout = 5s

syslog_duplication = false

ignore_bounce_errors_after = 5d
timeout_frozen_after = 7d
message_size_limit = 20M
recipients_max = 50
smtp_accept_max = 150
smtp_accept_max_per_connection = 20
smtp_accept_max_per_host = 20
smtp_connect_backlog = 50
smtp_accept_queue_per_connection = 30
split_spool_directory = true
remote_max_parallel = 15
smtp_banner = "MX2.KYIVLINK.COM ESMTP"

hide mysql_servers = localhost/exim/exim/MYSQL_PASS_HERE

######################################################################
#                       ACL CONFIGURATION                            #
#         Specifies access control lists for incoming SMTP mail      #
######################################################################

begin acl

.ifdef GREYLIST_ENABLED_GREY
 greylist_acl:
 # clean greylist records as 09:3xBRST 10:3xBRDT (horario normal)
  warn  condition  = ${if eq {${substr{8}{4}{$tod_zulu} }} {0100}{yes}{no}}
        set acl_m4 = ${lookup mysql{GREYLIST_CLEAN}}
  # For regular deliveries, check greylist.
  # check greylist tuple, returning "accepted", "deferred" or "unknown"
  # in acl_m8, and the record id in acl_m9

  warn set acl_m8 = ${lookup mysql{GREYLIST_TEST}{$value}{result=unknown}}
       # here acl_m8 = "result=x id=y"

       set acl_m9 = ${extract{id}{$acl_m8}{$value}{-1}}
       # now acl_m9 contains the record id (or -1)

       set acl_m8 = ${extract{result}{$acl_m8}{$value}{unknown}}
       # now acl_m8 contains unknown/deferred/accepted

  # check if we know a certain triple, add and defer message if not
  accept
       # if above check returned unknown (no record yet)
       condition = ${if eq {$acl_m8} {unknown} {1}}
       # then also add a record
       condition = ${lookup mysql{GREYLIST_ADD}{yes}{no}}

  # check if the triple is still blocked
  accept
       # if above check returned deferred then defer
       condition = ${if eq{$acl_m8} {deferred} {1}}
       # and note it down
       condition = ${lookup mysql{GREYLIST_DEFER_HIT}{yes}{yes}}

  # use a warn verb to count records that were hit
  warn condition = ${lookup mysql{GREYLIST_OK_COUNT}}

  # use a warn verb to set a new expire time on automatic records,
  # but only if the mail was not a bounce, otherwise set to now().
  warn !senders = : postmaster@* : Mailer-Daemon@*
       condition = ${lookup mysql{GREYLIST_OK_NEWTIME}}
  warn senders = : postmaster@* : Mailer-Daemon@*
       condition = ${lookup mysql{GREYLIST_OK_BOUNCE}}
  deny
.endif

acl_check_rcpt:
  accept  hosts = +relay_from_hosts

  deny    domains       = +local_domains
            local_parts   = ^[.] : ^.*[@%!/|]

  deny    domains       = !+local_domains
                        local_parts   = ^[./|] : ^.*[@%!] : ^.*/\\.\\./

  accept  local_parts   = postmaster
          domains       = +local_domains

  deny    message       = HELO/EHLO required by SMTP RFC
          condition     = ${if eq{$sender_helo_name}{}{yes}{no}}

# orange.fr war :)
  deny    message         = all email from *.orange.fr - discarded!
          condition       = ${if match{$sender_helo_name}{.orange.fr}{yes}{no}}

# .bezeqint.net
  deny    message         = all email from *.bezeqint.net - discarded!
          condition       = ${if match{$sender_helo_name}{.bezeqint.net}{yes}{no}}

# .libero.it
  deny    message         = all email from *.libero.it - discarded!
          condition       = ${if match{$sender_helo_name}{.libero.it}{yes}{no}}

# .ono.com
  deny    message         = all email from *.ono.com - discarded!
          condition       = ${if match{$sender_helo_name}{.ono.com}{yes}{no}}

# isp.novis.pt
  deny    message         = all email from *.isp.novis.pt - discarded!
          condition       = ${if match{$sender_helo_name}{.isp.novis.pt}{yes}{no}}

  deny   message= Yoy address in banlist!
         senders=${lookup mysql{SELECT senders FROM blacklist WHERE senders='${quote_mysql:$sender_address}' \
         OR senders='*@${quote_mysql:$sender_address_domain}' LIMIT 1}}

  deny    hosts = +spamers
          message       = Host rejected by: spamers list on rbl.mx2.kyivlink.com.

  deny    message       = Go Away! You are spammer.
          condition     = ${if match{$sender_host_name} \
                           {bezeqint\\.net|net\\.il|dialup|pool|peer|ppp|dhcp} \
                          {yes}{no}}

  deny    message       = rejected because $sender_host_address \
          is in a black list at $dnslist_domain\n$dnslist_text
          hosts         = !+relay_from_hosts
          !authenticated = *
          log_message   = found in $dnslist_domain
          dnslists      = bl.spamcop.net : \
                          cbl.abuseat.org : \
                          dnsbl.njabl.org : \
                          sbl-xbl.spamhaus.org : \
                          pbl.spamhaus.org

  drop    message     = Rejected - Sender Verify Failed
          log_message = Rejected - Sender Verify Failed
                        !verify = sender/no_details/callout=2m,defer_ok
                        !condition =  ${if eq{$sender_verify_failure}{}}

   .ifdef GREYLIST_ENABLED_GREY
    defer hosts         = !+relay_from_hosts
         !authenticated = *
         !senders       = : postmaster@* : Mailer-Daemon@*
         acl            = greylist_acl
         message        = GreyListed: please try again later
   .endif

  accept  domains       = +local_domains
          endpass
          message       = unknown user
          verify        = recipient
  accept  domains       = +relay_to_domains
          endpass
          message       = Unknown user
          verify        = recipient/callout=2m,defer_ok,use_postmaster

  accept  hosts         = +relay_from_hosts
  accept  authenticated = *
  deny    message       = relay not permitted

accept
acl_check_data:
  .ifdef GREYLIST_ENABLED_GREY
    defer hosts         = !+relay_from_hosts
        senders         = : postmaster@* : Mailer-Daemon@*
        acl             = greylist_acl
        message         = GreyListed: please try again later
  .endif

deny     message  = This message contains a virus ($malware_name).
         demime   = *
         malware  = */defer_ok

accept

######################################################################
#                      ROUTERS CONFIGURATION                         #
#               Specifies how addresses are handled                  #
######################################################################
#     THE ORDER IN WHICH THE ROUTERS ARE DEFINED IS IMPORTANT!       #
# An address is passed to each router in turn until it is accepted.  #
######################################################################

begin routers

dnslookup:
  driver = dnslookup
  domains = ! +local_domains
  transport = remote_smtp
  ignore_target_hosts = 0.0.0.0 : 127.0.0.0/8
  no_more

system_aliases:
  driver = redirect
  allow_fail
  allow_defer
  data = ${lookup mysql{SELECT recipients FROM aliases \
         WHERE (local_part='${local_part}' AND domain='${domain}') \
         OR (local_part='*' AND domain='$domain')ORDER BY local_part='*' LIMIT 1}}

virtual_localuser:
  driver = accept
  domains = ${lookup mysql{SELECT domain from domains WHERE domain='${domain}'}}
  local_parts = ${lookup mysql{SELECT login from users \
              WHERE login='${local_part}' AND domain='${domain}'}}
  transport = local_delivery
  cannot_route_message = Unknown user

######################################################################
#                      TRANSPORTS CONFIGURATION                      #
######################################################################
#                       ORDER DOES NOT MATTER                        #
#     Only one appropriate transport is called for each delivery.    #
######################################################################

begin transports

remote_smtp:
  driver = smtp
  interface = 195.12.59.26

local_delivery:
  driver = appendfile
  check_string = ""
  create_directory
  delivery_date_add
  directory = ${lookup mysql{SELECT LOWER(CONCAT('/var/exim/$domain/',login)) FROM users \
                WHERE login='${local_part}' AND domain='${domain}';}}
  directory_mode = 770
  envelope_to_add
  group = mail
  maildir_format
  maildir_tag = ,S=$message_size
  message_prefix = ""
  message_suffix = ""
  mode = 0660
  quota = ${lookup mysql{SELECT quota FROM users \
          WHERE login='${local_part}' AND domain='${domain}'}{${value}M}}
  quota_size_regex = S=(\d+)$
  quota_warn_threshold = 75%
  return_path_add

address_pipe:
   driver = pipe
   return_output

address_file:
  driver = appendfile
  delivery_date_add
  envelope_to_add
  return_path_add

address_reply:
  driver = autoreply

######################################################################
#                      RETRY CONFIGURATION                           #
######################################################################

begin retry

*                      quota
*                      *           F,2h,15m; G,16h,1h,1.5; F,4d,6h

######################################################################
#                      REWRITE CONFIGURATION                         #
######################################################################

begin rewrite

######################################################################
#                   AUTHENTICATION CONFIGURATION                     #
######################################################################

begin authenticators

# End of Exim configuration file

Создадим базу данных MySQL и пользователя с правами на эту БД:

mysql> create database exim;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0,00 sec)

mysql> grant all on exim.* to 'exim'@'localhost' identified by 'MYSQL_PASS_HERE';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)

Скачиваем дамп и заливаем его в БД:

# fetch http://muff.kiev.ua/files/exim_mx2.sql
# mysql -u exim -pMYSQL_PASS_HERE exim < exim_mx2.sql

Внимание! В моем случае, дамп БД готов для использования. Если же использовать на других серверах, необходимо изменить данные (можно и структуру, например, дефолтные значения) в таблицах aliases и domains.

Запускаем exim:

# sh /usr/local/etc/rc.d/exim start

Проверяем, запустился ли демон:

# ps -ax | grep exim
70442  -  Is        0:00,00 /usr/local/sbin/exim -bd -q30m

Демон запустился. Настройка Exim в роли вторичного mail exchanger (MX) завершена.

 

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